Le casse-tête de l'intelligence artificielle : la machine qu'on ne comprend pas

Enregistré dans:

Détails bibliographiques
Publié dans:	@Epsiloon. Hors-série No 11
Auteur principal:	Laurens, Clémentine.
Support:	Article de revue
Publié:	2024.
Sujets:	Apprentissage automatique > Recherche Réseaux neuronaux (informatique) > Recherche Articles de périodiques
Résumé:	Le créateur perplexe face à sa créature. Comme Dave face à HAL, l'ordinateur de bord, dans 2001 l'Odyssée de l'espace. Une image tout droit sortie de la science-fiction des années 1960, qui décrit pourtant parfaitement la position actuelle des scientifiques face au "machine learning", la forme d'intelligence artificielle actuellement la plus développée. Car la nature profonde des réseaux de neurones artificiels - les structures qui sont au coeur du fonctionnement de l'IA - continuent de nous échapper.
Lien:	Dans: @Epsiloon. Hors-série


LEADER	01138nam a22001937a 4500
001	422361
008	240711s2024 xx \|\|\|\| \|\|\|\| 00\| 0 \|\|\| d
100			\|a Laurens, Clémentine.
245	1	3	\|a Le casse-tête de l'intelligence artificielle : \|b la machine qu'on ne comprend pas \|c par Clémentine Laurens.
260			\|c 2024.
300			\|a p. 34-40.
520			\|a Le créateur perplexe face à sa créature. Comme Dave face à HAL, l'ordinateur de bord, dans 2001 l'Odyssée de l'espace. Une image tout droit sortie de la science-fiction des années 1960, qui décrit pourtant parfaitement la position actuelle des scientifiques face au "machine learning", la forme d'intelligence artificielle actuellement la plus développée. Car la nature profonde des réseaux de neurones artificiels - les structures qui sont au coeur du fonctionnement de l'IA - continuent de nous échapper.
650			\|a Apprentissage automatique \|x Recherche
650			\|a Réseaux neuronaux (informatique) \|x Recherche
650			\|a Articles de périodiques
773	0		\|w 414024 \|t @Epsiloon. Hors-série \|x 2804-5556 \|g No 11
993			\|a Article de revue
994			\|a PS
997			\|0 422361

foreach (glob($this->path . "/sess_*") as $filename) { if (filemtime($filename) + $maxlifetime < time()) { unlink($filename); } } return true; } /** * A function that is called internally when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ protected function saveSession($sessId, $data) { $sessFile = $this->path . '/sess_' . $sessId; if ($handle = fopen($sessFile, "w")) { $return = fwrite($handle, $data); fclose($handle); if ($return !== false) { return true; } } // If we got this far, something went wrong with the file output... // It is tempting to throw an exception here, but this code is called // outside of the context of exception handling, so all we can do is // echo a message. echo 'Cannot write session to ' . $sessFile . "\n"; return false; } }

// Anecdotal testing Today and Yesterday seems to indicate destroy() // is called by the garbage collector and everything is good. // Something to keep in mind though. return true; } /** * Write function that is called when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ public function write($sessId, $data) { if ($this->writesDisabled) { return true; } return $this->saveSession($sessId, $data); } /** * A function that is called internally when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ abstract protected function saveSession($sessId, $data); }

* * @return void */ public function writeClose() { // The assumption is that we're using PHP's ext/session. // session_write_close() will actually overwrite $_SESSION with an // empty array on completion -- which leads to a mismatch between what // is in the storage object and $_SESSION. To get around this, we // temporarily reset $_SESSION to an array, and then re-link it to // the storage object. // // Additionally, while you _can_ write to $_SESSION following a // session_write_close() operation, no changes made to it will be // flushed to the session handler. As such, we now mark the storage // object isImmutable. $storage = $this->getStorage(); if (! $storage->isImmutable()) { $_SESSION = $storage->toArray(true); session_write_close(); $storage->fromArray($_SESSION); $storage->markImmutable(); } } /** * Attempt to set the session name * * If the session has already been started, or if the name provided fails * validation, an exception will be raised. * * @param string $name * @return SessionManager * @throws Exception\InvalidArgumentException */ public function setName($name) { if ($this->sessionExists()) { throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException( 'Cannot set session name after a session has already started'

Environment & details:

GET Data empty

POST Data empty

Files empty

Key	Value
ui	standard
VUFIND_SESSION	t0blmn7q5rqbacri4mo237ndcr

Session

Key	Value
__Laminas	Array ( [_REQUEST_ACCESS_TIME] => 1721313007.2088 [_VALID] => Array ( [Laminas\Session\Validator\Id] => t0blmn7q5rqbacri4mo237ndcr ) )
SessionState	Laminas\Stdlib\ArrayObject Object ( [storage:protected] => Array ( [cookiePath] => / ) [flag:protected] => 2 [iteratorClass:protected] => ArrayIterator [protectedProperties:protected] => Array ( [0] => storage [1] => flag [2] => iteratorClass [3] => protectedProperties ) )
FlashMessenger	Laminas\Stdlib\ArrayObject Object ( [storage:protected] => Array ( ) [flag:protected] => 2 [iteratorClass:protected] => ArrayIterator [protectedProperties:protected] => Array ( [0] => storage [1] => flag [2] => iteratorClass [3] => protectedProperties ) )

Server/Request Data

Key	Value
REDIRECT_VUFIND_ENV	development
REDIRECT_VUFIND_LOCAL_DIR	/home/tamil/vufind/local-uco
REDIRECT_VUFIND_LOCAL_MODULES	Tamil
REDIRECT_STATUS	200
VUFIND_ENV	development
VUFIND_LOCAL_DIR	/home/tamil/vufind/local-uco
VUFIND_LOCAL_MODULES	Tamil
HTTP_ACCEPT	/
HTTP_USER_AGENT	Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)
HTTP_COOKIE	ui=standard; VUFIND_SESSION=t0blmn7q5rqbacri4mo237ndcr
HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING	gzip, br, zstd, deflate
HTTP_HOST	vufind.uco.fr
PATH	/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/bin
SERVER_SIGNATURE	<address>Apache/2.4.52 (Ubuntu) Server at vufind.uco.fr Port 80</address>
SERVER_SOFTWARE	Apache/2.4.52 (Ubuntu)
SERVER_NAME	vufind.uco.fr
SERVER_ADDR	193.49.1.3
SERVER_PORT	80
REMOTE_ADDR	18.216.3.58
DOCUMENT_ROOT	/var/www/html
REQUEST_SCHEME	http
CONTEXT_PREFIX	/
CONTEXT_DOCUMENT_ROOT	/home/tamil/vufind/public/
SERVER_ADMIN	webmaster@localhost
SCRIPT_FILENAME	/home/tamil/vufind/public/index.php
REMOTE_PORT	52301
REDIRECT_URL	/Record/422361/Details
GATEWAY_INTERFACE	CGI/1.1
SERVER_PROTOCOL	HTTP/1.1
REQUEST_METHOD	GET
QUERY_STRING
REQUEST_URI	/Record/422361/Details
SCRIPT_NAME	/index.php
PHP_SELF	/index.php
REQUEST_TIME_FLOAT	1721313007.1961
REQUEST_TIME	1721313007

Environment Variables empty

Registered Handlers

0. Whoops\Handler\PrettyPageHandler

Environment & details:

GET Data empty

POST Data empty

Files empty

Key	Value
ui	standard
VUFIND_SESSION	t0blmn7q5rqbacri4mo237ndcr

Session

Key	Value
__Laminas	Array ( [_REQUEST_ACCESS_TIME] => 1721313007.2088 [_VALID] => Array ( [Laminas\Session\Validator\Id] => t0blmn7q5rqbacri4mo237ndcr ) )
SessionState	Laminas\Stdlib\ArrayObject Object ( [storage:protected] => Array ( [cookiePath] => / ) [flag:protected] => 2 [iteratorClass:protected] => ArrayIterator [protectedProperties:protected] => Array ( [0] => storage [1] => flag [2] => iteratorClass [3] => protectedProperties ) )
FlashMessenger	Laminas\Stdlib\ArrayObject Object ( [storage:protected] => Array ( ) [flag:protected] => 2 [iteratorClass:protected] => ArrayIterator [protectedProperties:protected] => Array ( [0] => storage [1] => flag [2] => iteratorClass [3] => protectedProperties ) )

Server/Request Data

Key	Value
REDIRECT_VUFIND_ENV	development
REDIRECT_VUFIND_LOCAL_DIR	/home/tamil/vufind/local-uco
REDIRECT_VUFIND_LOCAL_MODULES	Tamil
REDIRECT_STATUS	200
VUFIND_ENV	development
VUFIND_LOCAL_DIR	/home/tamil/vufind/local-uco
VUFIND_LOCAL_MODULES	Tamil
HTTP_ACCEPT	/
HTTP_USER_AGENT	Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)
HTTP_COOKIE	ui=standard; VUFIND_SESSION=t0blmn7q5rqbacri4mo237ndcr
HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING	gzip, br, zstd, deflate
HTTP_HOST	vufind.uco.fr
PATH	/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/bin
SERVER_SIGNATURE	<address>Apache/2.4.52 (Ubuntu) Server at vufind.uco.fr Port 80</address>
SERVER_SOFTWARE	Apache/2.4.52 (Ubuntu)
SERVER_NAME	vufind.uco.fr
SERVER_ADDR	193.49.1.3
SERVER_PORT	80
REMOTE_ADDR	18.216.3.58
DOCUMENT_ROOT	/var/www/html
REQUEST_SCHEME	http
CONTEXT_PREFIX	/
CONTEXT_DOCUMENT_ROOT	/home/tamil/vufind/public/
SERVER_ADMIN	webmaster@localhost
SCRIPT_FILENAME	/home/tamil/vufind/public/index.php
REMOTE_PORT	52301
REDIRECT_URL	/Record/422361/Details
GATEWAY_INTERFACE	CGI/1.1
SERVER_PROTOCOL	HTTP/1.1
REQUEST_METHOD	GET
QUERY_STRING
REQUEST_URI	/Record/422361/Details
SCRIPT_NAME	/index.php
PHP_SELF	/index.php
REQUEST_TIME_FLOAT	1721313007.1961
REQUEST_TIME	1721313007

Environment Variables empty

Registered Handlers

0. Whoops\Handler\PrettyPageHandler

Le casse-tête de l'intelligence artificielle : la machine qu'on ne comprend pas

Documents similaires

Environment & details:

Environment & details: